A recent study published in Pulmonology sheds light on the impact of comprehensive healthy lifestyles on obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) in middle-aged and elderly adults. Researchers analyzed data from the NHANES survey from 2005-2008 and 2015-2018, encompassing 6,406 participants aged 40 and older. Factors such as diet quality, physical activity, sleep duration, alcohol consumption, smoking status, and BMI were considered in evaluating lifestyle behaviors.
The study found that higher dietary quality and optimal body weight were associated with reduced odds of OSA. Participants with better adherence to healthy lifestyles had significantly lower OSA odds, with a one-point increase in the healthy lifestyle score correlating with a 33% reduction in OSA odds. Those in the optimal lifestyle group had a 74% lower risk of OSA compared to those in the insufficient lifestyle group.
Mediation analysis revealed that BMI played a significant role in the relationship between healthy lifestyle and OSA, mediating 59.2% of the total effect. Even after controlling for BMI, the direct effect of the healthy lifestyle score on OSA remained significant. Subgroup analyses showed consistent benefits across demographic groups.
The researchers concluded that adherence to healthy lifestyles, particularly maintaining an optimal BMI, can greatly reduce the risk of OSA. Lifestyle interventions have the potential to prevent and manage this condition effectively. This study provides valuable insights into the importance of comprehensive healthy habits in improving sleep quality and overall well-being.
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